There are different types of stomach cancer, some of which are very rare. The most common types start in the glandular cells of stomach lining (called Adenocarcinomas), this is where stomach acid and digestive enzymes are made, and where most cancers start. When the tumor becomes more advanced, it can travel through the bloodstream and spread to organs such as liver, lungs, and bones. Cancers that start in the lymphatic tissue (called lymphomas), in the stomach's muscular tissue (called sarcomas) or in the tissues that support the organs of the digestive system (called gastrointestinal stromal tumors) are less common and have to be treated in different ways.
The exact cause of stomach cancer is unknown although the presence of the Helicopter pylori bacterium seems to be the major factor. Predisposing factors include environmental influences such as smoking and alcohol intake. Since stomach cancer is more common among those with a family history and with people with blood type A, genetic factors are also implicated. Dietary factors, especially methods of food preservation like pickling, smoking or salting also have an influence on the causation.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Early signs of stomach cancer are chronic dyspepsia and epigastric discomfort, followed in later stages by weight loss, a feeling of fullness after eating, anorexia, anemia and fatigue. Blood in the stools may also be present and if Cancer is in the Cardia (top), vomiting may occur.
Unfortunately, many stomach cancer symptoms are non-specific and can be easily attributed to a variety of other disorders. However, each of these symptoms is serious and complicated and should therefore always be checked out by a medical professional. Some of the more non-specific symptoms can include vomiting, nausea, and a loss of appetite. Cancer sufferers also experience bloating, especially after meals, which can be paired with both indigestion and heartburn.
Sudden weight loss may also be another common symptom. Anyone who loses about five percent of their body weight within six months without dieting should seek immediate medical attention. Prolonged unexplained exhaustion is another general symptom when it comes to stomach cancer. Abdominal pain ranging from dull and constant to severe and unbearable, may also mean that someone has symptoms.
Problems with bowel movements can be a sign of stomach cancers. Many patients have constant constipation and diarrhea. Blood in bowel movements points towards stomach cancer. However, frequently blood cannot initially be seen in the stool. Tests can be done to determine whether someone is producing a bloody stool or not .
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